Localisation and Hilbert Space Fracture in Lattice Gauge Theories
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Lattice gauge theories serve as a powerful model for understanding the continuous gauge field theories which underpin our universe. Yet beyond their foundational significance, they are also a rich source of novel physics in their own right, and are realisable on today’s quantum simulators. Recent attention has been drawn to their potential to exhibit robust localization phenomena despite the absence of disorder and the presence of long-ranged interactions, which typically preclude localisation.
We show that in the strong-confinement regime, the Hilbert space becomes fractured into exponentially many subspaces which are only weakly connected, leading to an unusual sublogarithmic entanglement growth.
PS: we later concluded that this “unusual” growth was not in fact sublogarithmic, but simply logarithmic with a very slow, power-law, approach to saturation. See our later published work.